Dr. Manishika Jain in this lectures explains the renewable energy in India and targets for 2022.
India – 11th Largest Economy & 4th Largest in Purchasing Power
Power Scenario in India Installed – 263.66 GW & Renewable Energy – 34.35 GW
Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources
Ministry has launched one of world’s largest and most ambitious programs on renewable energy
3,700 MW are powered by renewable energy sources
Rural Electrification by 2012 for 1 lakh villages
Energy Sources – India
57% by Coal – Mainly Central & NE India
1/3rd from renewable energy – mainly hydropower
Next to HEP is Natural Gas
HEP
Energy from water
Major Rainfall Areas: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram & west coast between Mumbai and Mahe
Small HEP: Upto 25 MW – Identified Potential Sites 4096
Renovation and modernization
Development and up-gradation of water mills
Industry based research and development
Largest Hydroelectricity Producer Countries
China: 652.846 TWh
Canada: 369.539 TWh
Brazil: 363.304 TWh
USA: 250.916 TWh
Russia: 167.271 TWh
Countries with Highest Electricity generation from HEP
China: 1,066.1 TWh/year
Brazil: 411.2 TWh/year
Canada: 376.7 TWh/year
USA: 251.2 TWh/year
Solar Energy
B/w Tropic of Cancer & Equator, average annual temperature that ranges from 25°C – 27.5 °C
Photovoltaic Cells – Low Energy Factor, No Moving Parts
Mirrors or parabolic dishes – concentrate lights
Installed capacity: 3744 MW as of 2015
Capacity: Gujarat GT Rajasthan GT MP
Installed Solar Power Capacity Countries
Germany: 35.736 GW
China: 18.528 GW
Italy: 17.861 GW
Japan: 13.947 GW
USA: 12.035 GW
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission
Launched on 2010
Target to deploy 20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by 2022
Ecological Sustainable Growth
To achieve 15 million sq. meters solar thermal collector area by 2017 & 20 million by 2022.
To deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022
Applications
Concentrated Solar Power
Uses only Direct Normal Radiation fraction of solar radiation & solar heat for steam generation and finally electricity production.
Started by JNNSM
Solar Water Heaters
Domestic Use
17 Solar Parks Approved – 12,759 MW
Wind Energy
India next to Germany – Fastest growing market
Wind Power Potential – AP GT Gujarat GT Karnataka GT Kerala
Current Installed capacity of 22645 MW
Installed Capacity – Tamil Nadu GT Maharashtra GT Gujarat GT Rajasthan
Largest Wind Power Producing Countries
China: 114,364 MW
USA: 65,628 MW
Germany: 39,963 MW
Spain: 22,538 MW
India: 22,562 MW
UK: 12,597 MW
Biomass Energy
Top Nations: Brazil, USA Low Cost & Indigenous Supply
Includes solid biomass, biogas, liquid biofuels and municipal waste
Methods: Combustion, Gasification, Fermentation & Anaerobic digestion
Potential Biomass Production: AP GT Bihar GT Gujarat GT Karnataka
Biomass Energy Sources
Tidal Power
Tidal energy can be harnessed in two ways: tidal stream generators & barrage generation
South Korea, China, United Kingdom
Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Plant in 2011: 254 MW capacity is the largest tidal power installation in the world
Wave Power
Top Nations: South Korea, Australia
South Korea tops due to its exposed peninsula
It is sporadic
Geothermal Energy
Till Now only 6.5% geothermal energy is tapped
Countries generating more than 15% electricity from geothermal sources: El Salvador, Kenya, Philippines, Iceland & Costa Rica.
Targets 2022
Generate 175 GW by 2022 – 18.9% of entire power consumption
100 GW from solar power – 40 GW from rooftop solar panels
60 GW from wind
10 GW from biomass
5 GW from small hydro power
India – to Achieve 147 GW by 2020
$160 billion needed in next 7 years until 2022 at an average of $23 billion per year
Goal is four times of India’s annual defense spending & over 10 times India’s annual spending on health and education.
Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency
Income tax breaks
Accelerated depreciation
Custom duty/duty free import concessions
Capital/Interest subsidy
Incentives for Detailed Project Reports DPR and feasibility reports
100% income tax exemption for any continuous block of power for 10 years in the first 15 years of operations
Accelerated 100% depreciation on specified renewable energy-based devices
Accelerated depreciation of 80 percent in the first year of operations
Interest rate subsidies to promote commercialization of new technology
For NET Paper 1 material refer – http://www.examrace.com/CBSE-UGC-NET/CBSE-UGC-NET-FlexiPrep-Program/Postal-Courses/Examrace-CBSE-UGC-NET-Paper-I-Series.htm
Post time: Feb-12-2017